---

Fascisme & anti-fascisme

Linkbox med baggrund og materialer til debatten om fascismen og den anti-fascistiske kamp.
(Modkraft.dk/Tidsskriftcentret, marts 2012)

---

Indhold:
Fascisme
- Leksikale mv.
- Sites
- Klassiske tekster
- Nyere tekster
Anti-fascisme
- Leksikalt
- Sites
- Artikler
Litteratur
Se også-links

---

FASCISME

Leksikale mv.

Leksikon.org
- Fascisme

Denstoredanske.dk
- Fascisme

Faktalink
- Højreekstremisme og nynazisme (2012)
Betalingssite, som er gratis tilgængelig enten på dit lokale bibliotek eller på din hjemme-pc efter tilmelding på biblioteket.

Wikipedia
- Fascisme. Artikel på dansk.
- Fascisme. Artikel på norsk.
- Fascism. Artikel på engelsk.
- Neo-fascism. Artikel på engelsk.
- Portal: Fascism

Marxists Internet Archive
- Glossary of terms: Fascism

F is for Fascism: A-Z of Socialism article by Weyman Bennett (Socialist Review, November 2007)
"Fascism is so often used as an insult that any real analysis of its specific meaning is often obscured."

Bookwatch: Understanding fascism. By Chris Bambery (International Socialism, Issue 63, Summer 1994, p.163-178). Review essay of the current literature about fascism.

Arditi del Popolo (Wikipedia.org)

Sites

Marxists on Fascism (Marxists Internet Archive)
"Index to the Writings of Antonio Gramsci, Leon Trotsky, Georgi Dimitrov and James Cannon on the rise of Fascism in Italy, Germany, France and Spain in the 1920s and 30s."

Fascism / Nazism (Marxistarkiv.se)
"Texter om fascism och nazism i olika länder."

Klassiske tekster

Georgi Dimitrov: Fascismen er fjenden (Kbh., Tiden, 1972, 124 s.). Taler holdt på Kominterns 7. kongres, august 1935.
Uddrag fra bogen:
- Kampen for arbejderklassens enhed mod fascismen [i.e. Fascismens klassekarakter] (s.24-27) (Leksikon.org)
- Fascismen og Arbejderklassen (s.23-38) (PerBenny.dk)
- Arbejderklassens enhedsfront mod fascismen (s.39-77) (PerBenny.dk)
Se også Tidslinjen, 25. juli 1935 om Kominterns 7. kongres.

Daniel Guerin: Fascism and Big Business (New York, Monad Press, 318 p.)
Uddrag fra bogen mv:
- Summary and quotation by Wade Tillett (The Mail Archive, Nettime, 3 Feb 2004). Summary of chapter 9: Fascism in power: economic policy.
- Excerpt from the book (New International, Vol.4, No.10, October 1938, p.297-300)
- Fascism and Socialism (Fourth International, Vol.6 No.9, September 1945, p.269-273). Daniel Guerin’s preface to the French edition of the book.
- Friends at the top. Review by Lindsey German (Socialist Review, Issue 174, April 1994)
Se også personlisten om Daniel Guerin (Modkraft.dk/Tidsskriftcentret)

Leon Trotskij: Hvad er fascisme – og hvordan kan den bekæmpes (1930-34) (Socialistisk Arbejderforlag 1993, 77 s.; online på Marxisme.dk)
"De første fem artikler er skrevet ud fra kampen mod nazismen i Tyskland; de sidste to ud fra kampene i Frankrig 1934 ..."

Leo Trotsky: The Rise of German Fascism (Marxists Internet Archive)
"A complete collection of Trotsky’s writings on Germany covering the years 1930 through 1940."

Arthur Rosenthal [i.e. Rosenberg]: Fascismen som massrörelse (pdf) (Clartés bokförlag, 1935, 46 s., online på Marxistarkiv.se)
"... en grundlig analys av de politiska och sociala förhållandena i fascismens huvudländer, Italien och Tyskland, åren närmast före fascismens seger och kommer så fram till en definition av fascismen: vad som skiljer den fascistiska reaktionen från reaktionen i allmänhet är stöttruppstaktiken."

August Thalheimer: On Fascism (What Next!)
"This piece was originally written in 1928 as a policy document for the Communist International, from which the author was expelled soon afterwards because of his opposition to the Comintern’s then ultra-left policies. It was published in 1930." Artiklen også i svensk udgave på Marxistarkiv.se (pdf)

Nyere tekster

(Efter 1945)

Fascism: Theory and Practice (pdf). By Dave Renton (Pluto Press, 1999, 150 p.)
"The book surveys the history of modern fascism in Europe, from its prewar origins up to the present day. David Renton examines the Marxist response to fascism in the age of Hitler and Mussolini and the writings of political thinkers such as Trotsky, Thalheimer and Gramsci, as well as more recent European theorist such as Miliband, Mason and Poulantzas."

Borgerliga fascismeteorier (pdf). Av Martin Fahlgren (Marxistarkiv.se, 30.11.2012, 15 s.)
"Denna artikel behandlar främst ... vad som är utmär-kande för fascism och fascistiska rörelser. Artikeln tar speciellt upp den akademiska (borger-liga) fascismforskningen, med utblickar mot den svenska debatten. Därvid berörs även höger-extremism i vidare bemärkelse."

The two faces of fascism (Socialist Worker, Issue 2301, 5 May 2012)
"Fascists use the street and the ballot box to push their agenda, writes Weyman Bennett, and we need to fight them on both fronts."

The changing face of racism. By Richard Seymour (International Socialism, Issue 126, Spring 2010, p.65-94)
"In a major article Richard Seymour explores the roots of contemporary racism, seeking to establish what is really new and distinctive about the prevailing forms of prejudice."

The bourgeois origins of Fascist repression. By Douglas W. Greene (Socialism and Democracy, Vol.22, No.2, July, 2008, p.108-120)
Review of Robert Paxton, The Anatomy of Fascism (Penguin, 2004)
"The term ’fascism’ conjures up images of jackbooted thugs, swastikas, and a perverse love of violence. Politicians constantly denounce opposition policies as fascist or totalitarian. Fascism is a word often uttered but little understood. Robert Paxton’s recent book puts the term back in historical context."

Two ways of looking at Fascism. By Matthew N. Lyons (Socialism and Democracy, Vol.22, No.2, July 2008, p.121-156)
"This essay is intended to challenge the prevailing view among U.S. leftist organizations that fascism equals a tool of capitalist repression ... Fascism is better understood as an autonomous right-wing force that has a contradictory relationship with capital and that draws mass support largely by advocating a revolution against established values and institutions."
See also Matthew N. Lyons: Is the Bush Administration Fascist? (New Politics, Vol.11, No.22, Winter 2007, p.19-25)

What is fascism? By Jim Wolfreys (International Socialism, Issue 112, Autumn 2006, p.189-195). Review of Michael Mann, Fascists (Cambridge University Press, 2004), and Robert Paxton, The Anatomy of Fascism (Penguin, 2004)
"Robert Paxton ... offers the most authoritative and convincing challenge to the prevailing trends of post-war studies of the subject. For this reason alone, it is the most important work on fascism of the past 20 years ... [the] emphasis on what fascists do, rather than what they say, is also present in Michael Mann’s detailed survey of European fascism. He deals bluntly with the fashionable academic preoccupation with fascism’s ‘mythic core’."

The physiology of barbarism. By Jim Wolfreys (International Socialism, Issue 83, Summer 1999, p.147-154). Review of of Donny Gluckstein, The Nazis, Capitalism and the Working Class (Bookmarks, 1999)
"Donny Gluckstein has provided us with an outstanding analysis of the Nazi phenomenon. In its discussion of the Nazi leadership and its anti-Semitism, its analysis of the relationship between the Nazi regime, capitalism and the ruling class, and in its assessment of the aims and actions of both supporters and opponents of Nazism ... sets it out as a model for a dialectical understanding of fascism."

Fascismen i teori og praksis (Brand, nr.5, 1997; på Aktivist.nu)
"Som politisk bevægelse adskiller fascismen sig fra andre politiske bevægelser. Den udmærker sig ved sit valg af strategi, den ideologiske indretning, den sociale basis og forholdet til de etablerede magtstrukturer."

Towards a Marxist theory of Fascism. By Dave Renton (Dkrenton.co.uk, 1997)
"The idea of this paper is to outline a materialist way of looking at fascism, which is concerned as much with what fascism did as with what it said. This theory will be developed through an analysis of what Marxists have actually said about fascism."
See also Fascism: links to recent articles looking at the history of fascism and anti-fascism, or the threat posed by far-right parties in recent years.

Eternal Fascism: Fourteen ways of looking at a Blackshirt. By Umborto Eco (New York Review of Books, 22 June 1995)
"In spite of some fuzziness regarding the difference between various historical forms of fascism, I think it is possible to outline a list of features that are typical of what I would like to call Ur-Fascism, or Eternal Fascism."

What is Fascism? Some general ideological features. By Matthew N. Lyons (PublicEye.org)
"From Eyes Right!: Challenging the Right Wing Backlash, ed. Chip Berlet, South End Press and Political Research Associates, 1995."

Nazism and the working class. By Sergio Bologna (Common Sense, No.16, 1996, p.15-56; at Libcom.org)
"Italian autonomist Sergio Bologna discusses the rise of Nazism and its relationship to the German working class."

Fascism: An essay. By Chip Berlet (PublicEye.org, September 1992)
"This article is adapted from the author’s preface to Russ Bellant’s book Old Nazis, the New Right, and the Republican Party, co-published by South End Press and Political Research Associates."

Nazisterne kan stoppes. Af Chris Bambery (Internationale Socialister Forlag, 1993, 45 sider; på Marxisme Online)). Oversættelse af Killing the Nazi Menace (Socialist Workers Party, London 1992).
Om fascismen historisk, erfaringerne fra 30’erne og euro-fascismen i 80’erne.

Aldrig mere fascisme! (1980). Af Colin Sparks (Internationale Socialisters Forlag, 1993, 65 sider; på Marxisme Online). Oversættelse af Never Again! The hows and whys of stopping fascism (Bookmarks, London 1980)
Mest om fascismen historisk, og de historiske erfaringer med forskellige anti-fascistiske strategier.

National Socialism and the working class, 1925-May, 1933 (pdf). By Tim Mason (New German Critique, No.11, Spring 1977, p.49-93; at Libcom.org)
"A proper perspective for the analysis of class relationships in Germany after 1933 can be gained only by first outlining the development and social composition of the national socialist movement before the seizure of power and by reconstructing the process which led to the destruction of working class organizations in 1933."

Fascism and the working class. Part 1: The German experience. By Colin Sparks (International Socialism, Issue 2, Autumn 1978, p.41-69)
"In this article, I want to examine rather more closely what we mean by considering fascism as ‘petit bourgeois’, and to examine the relationship between the German Nazis and the working class."
See also Part 2: The National Front today (Issue 3, Winter 1978/1979, p.17-38)

Fascism in Germany: How Hitler Destroyed the World’s Most Powerful Labour Movement. By Robert Black [i.e. Robin Blick] (Steyne Publications, 1975, [1288] p.)
"Fascism in Germany is at the same time a highly polemical and a scholarly work. It is these two qualities which make it indispensable reading for socialist and students of German history alike."

---

ANTI-FASCISME

Leksikalt

Antifascisme (Wikipedia.dk)
Dansk Wiki-artikel med links til norske, større tyske og engelske artikler, tynde, men en del links.

Sites

Nynazisme (Demos)
Tema med artikler om DNSB, Dansk Front, White Pride og enkeltsager.

Antifascistisk Aktion (AFA)
"Igennem aktioner, demonstrationer, kampagner, forebyggelse, hjemmesider og koncerter har vi været med til at skabe en antifascistisk kultur og bevægelse."
Sektioner: Projekt Antifa: Nyheder, analyser og baggrund om kampen - Antifa Shoppen - Exitgruppen : hjælper nuværende og tidligere ud af højreekstemismen - Forebyggelse.nu, arbejdr for at forhindre unges tiltrækning af nazi-miljøer.
- Antifascisme handler om at forhindre vold. Af antifascistisk Aktion, AFA (Modkraft.dk, 11. april 2012) med debatindlæg.

Researchkollektivet Redox (Wikipedia.dk)
Sitet er pt. ikke fungerende, men her er dokumentation af Redox’ historie. Og ældre mirror site.
- Adgang forbudt: Redox.dk (Modkraft.dk, 23. september 2011)

P77 : Netavisen P77 (site)
Sektion:radikalisering
"Hvis ytringsfriheden og de andre rettigheder kan bruges til at udpege, kritisere og satirisere over bestemte grupper og religioner, må kritikerne også selv være parat til kritik og satire." Nyheder i sektioner og blogs.

Expo
"Expo kartlägger, granskar och informerar om högerextrema och rasistiska tendenser i samhället."

Fascism (Libcom.org)
"Articles about Nazism, fascism and anti-fascism."

Fascism: links to recent articles looking at the history of fascism and anti-fascism, or the threat posed by far-right parties in recent years. By Dave Renton (Dkrenton.co.uk)

Anti-Racist, Anti-Fascist, Rightwing Watch Links (Jay’s Leftist and ’Progressive’ Internet Resources Directory)

Unite Against Fascism
"As a matter of the greatest urgency, we are calling for the broadest unity against the alarming rise in racism and fascism in Britain today."

Seachlight
"Searchlight has been at the forefront of campaigning against the BNP in recent years ... It exposes the fascists and racists’ illegal activities and alerts the anti-fascist community to our opponents’ intentions, plans and trends."

Antifa.de
Site von Antifascistische Aktion. (Berlin)
Beiträge (Temaer: antifa - Klassenkampf, Krieg & Frieden, REpression, International, GLobalisierung) - Downloads - Links.

Blich nach Rechts : bnr.de
Aktuelles (Meldungen, Hintergrund Rezensionen) - Archiv - Aktiv.
Udgiver publikationer, der "holder øje med højre og aktivt bekæmper højreekstemismen".

Artikler

At knuse fascismen. Af Jesper Juul Mikkelsen (Socialistisk Arbejderavis, nr.325, 14. december 2012). Anmeldelse af bogen: At knuse fascismen: fascisme og antifascisme i det nye årtusinde (Antifascistisk Aktion, 2012, 160 sider). Se om bogen på Revoshop
"Antifascistisk aktion (AFA) er ude med en ny bog i anledning af organisationens 20-års jubilæum. At tage truslen og kampen imod fascisterne op på skrift, under den dybeste krise siden 30’erne, er særdeles prisværdigt og vigtigt for venstrefløjen."

Fascismens sande ansigt (Leder, Arbejderen.dk, 22. marts 2012)
"I dag er fascismen igen på fremmarch i de borgerlige demokratier. I skyggen af kapitalens seneste krise gennemtvinger EU sit økonomiske diktatur, og i mange europæiske lande sidder partier med fascistoide og racistiske træk solidt plantet i parlamenterne."

Britain’s Nazi’s in a state of flux. By Tash Shifrin (Socialist Review, April 2012)
"The fascist British National Party is nearing collapse, while the racist English Defence League has been contained by successful anti-fascist mobilisations - but the climate in society means they are very likely to regroup."

English Defence League: racism, violence and division. By Steve Score (Socialism Today, Issue 143, November 2010)
"The English Defence League has set in motion a series of violent clashes around Britain. Although singling out Muslims for special attention, it is clearly a racist organisation, with many of its followers linked to football hooligan ‘firms’. At a time of recession and crisis, however, there is a danger that its support could grow."

The BNP and EDL. By Martin Smith (Socialist Review, March 2010)
"A new racist political group is organising on the streets. They call themselves the English Defence League, but who are they and what do they represent?"

How do we stop the BNP? By Martin Smith (International Socialism, Issue 123, Summer 2009, p.41-79)
"The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that despite its clever attempt to politically reposition itself as a respectable party of the right the BNP remains a fascist party at its core. I also want to look at the rise of the BNP and the factors that have propelled it to the centre of the political arena."

Review of "Beating the Fascists: The Untold History of the Anti Facist Action". By Richard Price (Freedom, Vol.71, No.22, November 26, 2010). Part I of a review of Sean Birchall, Beating The Fascists (Freedom Press, 2010) + Part II (pdf) (Freedom, December 26, 2010)

Is the BNP Nazi? No, it’s worse: it isn’t. By Andrew McKibben (What Next!, No.31 2007)
"While it is morally satisfying to call the BNP Nazis, and while their ideology is indeed racist, xenophobic and abhorrent, it’s starting to become clear that this rather slippery political beast has in fact shed its old skin, and is no longer plausibly describable as a Nazi, or fascist, party at all."
For responses to this article, see Ben Drake, Suited and jackbooted: behind the hype, the BNP are still a Fascist party + Geoffrey Brown, Why the BNP is still Fascist (ibid.)

Bash the Fash - Anti-fascist recollections, 1984-1993. By K. Bullstreet (Kate Sharpley Library, 2001, 36 pages pamphlet; online at Libcom.org)
"... literally a no-punches pulled account of militant group Anti Fascist Action’s fight against fascism in Britain by a grassroots anarchist member of AFA [UK]."

Nazisterne kan stoppes. Af Chris Bambery (Internationale Socialister Forlag, 1993, 45 sider; på Marxisme Online)). Oversættelse af Killing the Nazi Menace (Socialist Workers Party, London 1992).
Om fascismen historisk, erfaringerne fra 30’erne og euro-fascismen i 80’erne.

Fascism and the working class]. Part 2: The National Front today. By Colin Sparks (International Socialism, Issue 3, Winter 1978/1979, p.17-38; at Marxists Internet Archive)
"In [this article], I intend to examine the National Front and contemporary British society in order to discover how far it is valid to apply the lessons drawn from the 1920s and 1930s."
See also Part 1: Part 1: The German experience (Issue 2, Autumn 1978, p.41-69)

---

LITTERATUR

Litteratur på dansk
Se også ovenfor Klassiske tekster.
- Bookwatch: Understanding fascism. By Chris Bambery (International Socialism, Issue 63, Summer 1994, p.163-178). Review essay of the current literature about fascism.
- Fascist and anti-fascist material (Working Class Movement Library Web site)
- Fascismen i Italien (Temanummer af Den Jyske Historiker, nr.27-28, 1984, 276 sider). Af Thorsten Borring Olesen, Niels Arne Sørensen og Uffe Østergård.
- Fascismen og arbejderbevægelsen: bidrag til fascismens og antifascismens historie. Red. af Tom Bøgeskov og Bruno Svindborg (DKP-Valby, 1984, 88 sider). Med artikler af Hans Uwe Petersen, Michael Seidelin, Tom Bøgeskov, Ole Jorn, Mina Steffen Pedersen, Michael Kjeldsen og Gelius Lund.
- Småborgerskab of fascisme. Red. af Karl Christian Lammers, Bent Egaa Kristensen og Mogens Rüdiger (GMT, 1977, 164 sider) (Historievidenskabs skriftrække, 11). Materiale fra et seminar, arrangeret af Kritiske Historikere april 1976. Med artikler af Eike Hennig, Carsten Jensen, Ib Thiersen og Karl Christian Lammers.
- Fascismen i Tyskland (Temanummer af Politiske Arbejdstekster, nr.9, august 1976, 135 sider). Med artikler af Ralf Beckenbach (s.9-75), Herbert Dewald, Franz Neumann, Karl Korsch og Karsten Jensen.
- Fascisme og kapitalisme: teorier om fascismens opståen og funktion. Red. af Ib Thiersen (Tiderne Skifter, 1975,187 sider). Med artikler af Reinhard Kühnl, Hans-Jürgen Krahl, H.C. Mansilla, August Thalheimer, Johannes Agnoli, Niels Kadritzke og Ib Thiersen.
- Økonomi og klassekamp i den tyske fascisme. Af Alfred Sohn-Rethel (GMT, 1975, 208 sider) (Historievidenskabs skriftrække, 1). Med efterskrift af Ib Thiersen: ’Fascismens genesis’ (side 164-208)
- Fascismen: ideologi og begreb. Red. af Jørgen Sevaldsen (Gyldendal, 1975, 78 sider) (Historie og samfund: kilder og tal)
- Borgerskabet og fascismen: en undersøgelse af årsagerne til fascismens fremvækst. Af Reinhard Kühnl (Fremad, 1974, 169 sider) (Fremads samfundsvidenskabelige serie)
- Hva er fascisme? Et essay om fascismens historie og sosiologi. Av Hans Fredrik Dahl (Pax, 1972, 163 sider)

Se også på Modkraft.dk

- Linkboxen Bombedrabet i Søllerødgade, som bl.a. indeholder filmen "Bombemordet i Søllerødgade" og links til AFAs demonstration 16. marts 2012.
- Tidslinjen 31. marts 2012 om demonstration i Århus mod Danish Defence League.
- Linkboxen Auschwitz & holocaust
- Linkboxen 9. november - Krystalnatten 1938 og nu
- Tidslinjen 4. oktober 1936 om "The Battle on Cable Street" i London.
- Tidslinjen 10. maj 1933 om bogbrændingerne i Tyskland

---

Emneindex:: Danmark / Denmark
Placering: Modkraft.dk/Tidsskriftcentret/Linksamlinger
Kort URL:
Emneord: højrefløjsterror, antifascisme, antiracisme, AFA, film, filmen doku, dokumentar
Variantord: henrich kristensen, sølerødgade, solerrødgade, docu,